Gupakira ikirere cyahinduwe (MAP): Uruvange rwa gaze mu kubungabunga ibiribwa

Ipaki y'ikirere yahinduwe(MAP) ni uburyo bwo kubungabunga aho umwuka karemano uri mu ipaki usimbuzwa uruvange rw’imyuka igenzurwa – akenshi ogisijeni, dioxyde de carbone, na azote – kugira ngo ibiryo bikomeze kuba bishya igihe kirekire. Mu kugabanya umuvuduko w’ibikorwa bya shimi n’ibinyabuzima biganisha ku kwangirika, MAP ishobora kongera igihe cyo kubikwa. Kenshi na kenshi, yongera ubushyuhe inshuro ebyiri kugeza eshanu ugereranije n’aho umwuka upakira. Ubu buryo bwo kuramba bugabanya gusa imyanda y’ibiryo ahubwo bunashyigikira ikwirakwizwa ryabyo kure kandi akenshi butuma abatunganya ibiryo bagabanya ikoreshwa ryabyo mu kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Inshingano z'imikorere ya buri gaze muri MAP

Buri gaze iri mu mvange ya MAP igira uruhare mu murimo wayo wihariye:

• Ogisijeni (O₂)
Ogisijeni ishyigikira ibara n'ubushya mu byiciro bitandukanye by'ibiribwa. Urugero, inyama zitukura zigumana ibara ryazo ryiza ry'umutuku wa oxymyoglobin iyo zihuye n'urugero rwinshi rwa ogisijeni, akenshi ruri hagati ya 70-80%. Ku mbuto n'imboga, ogisijeni nke (hafi 2-5%) ikoreshwa mu gushyigikira guhumeka bisanzwe. Ariko, ogisijeni nyinshi yihutisha ogisijeni y'ibinure kandi igatuma igihe cyo kuyimara kigabanuka, bityo kuyibonekamo bigomba kugenzurwa neza.

• Dioxyde de carbone (CO₂)
Dioxyde de carbone ikora cyane cyane nk'umwuka urwanya mikorobe. Iyo CO₂ ishongeshejwe mu bushuhe buri ku buso bw'ibicuruzwa, ikora aside carbonique ntoya ifasha mu kubuza kwiyongera kwa bagiteri n'ibihumyo byangirika. Uruvange rwa MAP rukunze kwishingikiriza kuri 20–30% bya CO₂. Ingano nyinshi ishobora kongera igihe cyo kumara, ariko kubera ko CO₂ yinjijwe mu biribwa, ishobora gutuma ipaki igwa keretse ivanze na azote.

• Azote (N₂)
Azote ntigira ingaruka ku biribwa kandi ntigira ingaruka ku biribwa. Intego yayo nyamukuru ni ukwimura ogisijeni no kubungabunga imiterere y'ibipaki, cyane cyane iyo CO₂ yinjijwe mu bicuruzwa. Akenshi igize igipimo gisigaye cy'imvange ya gazi (akenshi 50–80%) iyo urugero rwa O₂ na CO₂ rumaze gushyirwaho.

Muri make:

•O₂ibika ibara n'ubuhumekero,
•CO₂bigabanya ukwiyongera kwa mikorobe,
•N₂bitanga ubwinshi n'ubudahangarwa.

Ibiryo bitandukanye bisaba uburinganire butandukanye bw'iyi myuka, nk'uko byasobanuwe hano hepfo.

Inyama mbisi n'inkoko

Inyama zitukura mbisi

Inyama zitukura nshya, nk'inyama z'inka, inyama z'intama, n'ingurube – akenshi zikoresha MAP irimo ogisijeni nyinshi. Amapaki yo mu maduka n'ayo mu bucuruzi akunze gukoresha uruvange rwa65% O₂na 35% bya CO₂. Ogisijeni ikomeye ituma inyama zigumana umutuku mwinshi, mu gihe CO₂ ifasha kugabanya gukura kwa bagiteri zo mu mubiri. Hari ubwo, abatunganya inyama bashobora kugabanya ogisijeni ho 5% kugira ngo babone igihe cyo kuyibika. Ahantu hose hasigaye haba ari azote cyangwa hagasigara hafi y’imyanda.

Inkoko mbisi

Inkoko n'inyoni zo mu bwoko bwa "game inyoni" (inkoko, inkoko, pheasant) ubusanzwe nta mwuka uhagije zikenera mu ipaki. Uruvange rusanzwe ni0% O₂, hafi 30% bya CO2₂, na 70% N₂Kubera ko inyama z'inkoko ziba zifite ibara ry'umukara mu buryo busanzwe, ogisijeni ntigira uruhare mu kugaragara. CO₂ itanga uburyo bwo kugenzura mikorobe, mu gihe azote ituma agapaki kagumana ishusho yako. Bamwe mu batunganya inyama bakoreshaCO100%₂kugira ngo ibikwa bitangirika cyane.

Ingingo z'ingenzi zo gufata:

•Inyama zitukura zungukira mu mvange irimo ogisijeni nyinshi kugira ngo zigumane ibara.
•Inkoko zibikwa neza iyo zibitsweCO₂/N₂uruvange rudafite ogisijeni.

Ikizamini gihora gisabwa kugira ngo cyemezwe bwa nyuma.

Amafi n'ibiryo byo mu nyanja bishya

Imiterere myiza ya MAP iterwa ahanini n'uko ifi ifite amavuta menshi cyangwa niba ifite ibinure byinshi.

Ifi mbisi n'ibinyamisogwe bidafite ibinure byinshi

Ubwoko bw'amafi y'umweru (cod, haddock, bass) n'amafi menshi yo mu bwoko bwa shellfish (shrimp, mussels, scallops) akunze gukoreshwa30% O₂, 40% bya CO₂, na 30% N₂Ogisijeni ifasha mu kubungabunga ibara karemano, CO₂ igabanya imikorere ya mikorobe, kandi N₂ yuzuza igice gisigaye cy'inyuma. Ku bicuruzwa byinshi cyangwa bikonje, ibyuma bitunganya bishobora guhindura bigakora70% bya CO₂/ 30% N₂kugira ngo bibikwe igihe kirekire.

Ifi mbisi zirimo ibinure byinshi

Amafi afite ibinure nka salmon, tuna, mackerel, na sardine arapakiyenta ogisijenikuko amavuta yabo ahinduka ogisijeni vuba cyane. Uruvange rusanzwe rwa MAP ni40% bya CO₂na 60% N₂Bamwe mu bahinzi bongera CO₂ kugeza kuri 50–70% kugira ngo bongere uburinzi. Salmon igurishwa ikunze gukoresha40/60 CO₂/N₂, mu gihe tuna ishobora gukoresha CO₂ 30–40% hamwe na azote igize imigabane. Hari igihe udupaki twinshi dukoresha70% bya CO₂/ 30% N₂.

Incamake:

•Ibiryo byo mu mazi bidafite ibinure bikunze gukoreshwa~ 30% O₂,
•Amafi afite amavuta yishingikiriza gusa kuCO₂/N₂uruvange naogisijeni 0%.

Uko byaba bimeze kose, MAP ihora ikora neza hamwe n'uburyo bukwiye bwo kugenzura imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi.

Inyama, amafi n'inkoko byatetse kandi byavuwe neza

Iyo inyama cyangwa amafi bimaze gutekwa cyangwa kuvurwa, ibara riba rihamye kandi intego ihinduka ikarinda ko ibihumyo n'udukoko byangirika.

Inyama zitetse cyangwa zavunitse

Ibintu nka jambon, sosiso, na salami bikunze gukoreshwa30% bya CO₂/ 70% N₂Ku bijyanye n'ibikorwa byinshi cyangwa ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, abatunganya ibikoresho bashobora kongera CO₂ kugeza kuri50% bya CO₂/ 50% N₂Ogisijeni iguma kuri zeru.

Ifi yanyoye cyangwa yavuwe

Salmon inyweshejwe n'umwotsi n'ibindi bisa nayo bikunze gukoresha30% bya CO₂/ 70% N₂mu masahani yo kugurisha. Ku bubiko bwagutse,70/30 CO₂/N₂uruvange rushobora gushyirwaho.

Inkoko zitetse/zivuwe neza

Inkoko cyangwa inkoko zaciwe neza zikurikiza uburyo bumwe:

•Ubucuruzi:30% bya CO₂/ 70% N₂
•Mu bwinshi:70% bya CO₂/ 30% N₂

Muri iki cyiciro, ogisijeni ihora ikora0%.

Amafunguro Ateguwe n'Ibiryo Bivanze

Amafunguro yateguwe nk'amafunguro ya makaroni, isupu, cyangwa pizza muri rusange afunze nezaIKARITA idafite ogisijeni. Uruvange rukunze kugaragara cyane ni30% bya CO₂/ 70% N₂Ku bijyanye no kohereza hanze cyangwa kubika igihe kirekire, abatunganya porogaramu bashobora guhitamo50% bya CO₂/ 50% N₂.

Utu tuvange tugabanya gukura kwa mikorobe mu bivange by’ibintu. Kubera ko ibiryo byateguwe bitandukanye cyane, ibipimo by’ibanze bikoreshwa nk'ingingo z'ibanze kandi bigomba kwemezwa binyuze mu isuzuma.

Ibicuruzwa bya makaroni n'imigati

Makaroni nshya

Makaroni mashya kandi adatetse (nk'amakaroni, amakaroni, cyangwa tortellini) akunze gupfunyikwa munsi y'amazi50% bya CO₂/ 50% N₂uruvange. Ogisijeni yirindwa burundu.

Ibicuruzwa byo guteka

Umugati, amatapi, tortilla, na keke akenshi bishingiye ku50% bya CO₂/ 50% N₂mu bucuruzi. Ku bijyanye no gukwirakwiza CO₂ ku bwinshi, CO₂ ishobora kwiyongera ikagera kuri70%(70% CO₂ / 30% N₂). Azote ibuza ipaki gusenyuka, mu gihe CO₂ ibuza ikura ry'ibihumyo. Ogisijeni iguma hafi ya zeru kugira ngo hirindwe guhagarara cyangwa kwangirika.

Foromaje (Ikomeye, Yoroshye, Yaciwe)

Foromaje zikomeye cyangwa zishaje

Ibicuruzwa nka Parmesan cyangwa Cheddar ishaje akenshi biba bipakiye hamweCO100%₂cyangwa ifunze neza. Ubu buryo burakora neza cyane mu gukumira ibumba.

Foromaje zoroshye kandi zaciwe

Foromaje ikoze mu mavuta, Brie, foromaje ya cottage, na mozzarella yaciwe ikunze gukoreshwa30% bya CO₂/ 70% N₂Azote ituma ibintu bikomeza gupfunyika, mu gihe CO₂ igabanya gukura kwa mikorobe.

Incamake:

•Foromaje zikomeye →CO100%₂
•Foromaje yoroshye kandi yaciwe →30% bya CO₂/ 70% N₂

Imboga, Salade n'imbuto

Ibikomoka ku bimera bishya

Imbuto n'imboga byuzuye muri rusange bisaba uburinganire butuma guhumeka bidatera kwangirika. Uruvange rusanzwe rwa MAP ni5% O₂, 5% CO₂, na 90% N₂. Iyi miterere y'umwuka muke igabanya guhumeka no guhinduka umukara. Iyi mvange ikoreshwa cyane mu guteka salade, imboga z'amababi, imbuto n'imbuto zaciwe.

Imboga zitetse cyangwa ziciwe

Imboga zatetse zitwara nk'uko zimeze mu mafunguro yateguwe. Zikunze gukoreshwa30% bya CO₂/ 70% N₂nta mwuka uhumeka. Ubu buryo bukora neza ku bintu nka salade z'ibirayi cyangwa amafunguro y'imboga zivanze.

Ingingo y'ingenzi:

Imboga nshya zikenera umwuka wa ogisijeni muto (~5%), mu gihe imboga zitetse zikoresha CO₂ iri hejuru (~30%).

Ibiryo byumye

Ibiryo byumye nka kawa, imbuto, utuntu two kurya, icyayi, ibirungo n'ifu akenshi bifunze neza100% N₂Azote irinda ogisijeni kandi yongera igihe cyo kuyimara.

Guhitamo Ibikoresho bya MAP (DJPACK)

Kuvanga neza gazi ni ingenzi kugira ngo MAP ikore neza. DJPACK (Wenzhou Dajiang) ikora ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibikoresho byo gufunga gazi bya MAP byagenewe gusukura neza gazi.DJT-400Gn'aho hasi hahagazeDJL-400Vzishoboye gutanga igipimo cya O₂/CO₂/N₂ gihoraho hakurikijwe ibyo kurya bitandukanye bikenewe - kuva ku nyama nshya kugeza ku mafunguro ateguye cyangwa salade. Dufite kandi ubwoko butandukanye bujyanye n'ibyo ukeneye. Niba ushishikajwe n'imashini zacu, kanda “Ibicuruzwa→Imashini zo gupakira ikirere zahinduwe"Buto" kugira ngo umenye byinshi.

Ibikoresho bya DJPACK bifite uburambe bw'imyaka irenga 30 mu mashini zipakira, bikoreshwa cyane n'abatunganya ibikoresho muriUburayi, Ositaraliya, Asia, n'andi masoko yateye imbereUko igipimo cya gazi umukiriya akeneye cyaba kiri kose, ibikoresho byacu birashobora kubigeraho, kandi uburyo bwo kuvanga gazi neza buri gihe buracyari hejuru.99%.OurImashini zisimbura MAP zihora zifatanye hafi99.5%.

Umutekano, ibizamini, n'ubwiza bw'ubuziranenge

Igipimo cya MAP ni amabwiriza – ntabwo ari amategeko ahoraho. Imikorere nyayo iterwa n'uburyo ibicuruzwa byakozwemo, ibikoresho byo gupfunyikamo, ubushyuhe, n'uburyo bibikwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, buri mutunganya porogaramu agomba gukora igerageza rihoraho kugira ngo arebe ko uruvange rwa MAP rwatoranijwe rugera ku musaruro wateganijwe.

Ingamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge nko kumenya aho amazi aturuka no gusesengura imyuka yo mu mutwe ni ingenzi cyane. Ndetse n'aho amazi aturuka gato ashobora kwangiza ikirere kiri mu gasanduku. MAP igomba gukoreshwa buri gihe hamwe n'uburyo bwo gukonjesha, isuku, no gukoresha neza.

Icyitonderwa:

Ibipimo bya gaze muri iyi nyandiko ni ahantu hasabwa gutangirira. Buri gihe gerageza imvange binyuze mu isuzuma ry'ibicuruzwa.

Umwanzuro

Gupakira ikirere gihinduwe bituma abakora ibiribwa batinda kwangirika binyuze mu guhindura ibidukikije biri mu gipfunyika. Ogisijeni ifasha kugumana ibara, dioxyde de carbone ikabuza mikorobe gukura, na azote igatuza ipfunyika. Mu gushyira mu bikorwa amahame agaragara ku mbonerahamwe y’imvange y’umwuka, abatunganya ibiribwa bashobora guhitamo uruvange rukwiriye rwo gutangiza inyama, amafi yo mu nyanja, foromaje, imboga, imigati, amafunguro ateguye, n'ibindi.

MAP ikora neza cyane iyo ihujwe n'imashini zikora neza kandi zigenzura ubuziranenge. Iyo ishyizwe mu bikorwa neza, ituma ibicuruzwa bikomeza kuba bishya, bifite umutekano, kandi byiteguye isoko - bishyigikira imiyoboro miremire y'ibicuruzwa mu gihe bigabanya imyanda.

Ibyifuzo biri muri iyi ngingo bikubiyemo muri make imikorere isanzwe y’inganda n’amabwiriza ya siyansi. Igenamiterere rya nyuma rya MAP rigomba gushingira ku bipimo bya buri mukiriya by’ibicuruzwa n’ibyo akeneye mu bubiko.